Category: Guest

Learning CLEAN DESIGN from Architectural History Perspectives Through “Kinclong” Workshop and
Exhibition

Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan – Adelia Andani / Indonesia

Introduction

The main topic of the online workshop is an architectural design and material culture on ‘Clean’ and ‘Dirt’
from a historical perspective, with an online archive exhibition as its outcome. By using the format of workshops and exhibitions, this activity aims to study an approach of precedents of ‘CLEAN’ and ‘DIRT’ design in Architectural History and trigger critical discussion and future research. With the curation process, participants also learn to narrate their arguments by providing historical evidence. This project was held from November to December 2020, during a pandemic COVID-19 situation, in collaboration between the writer as the main director with eight postgraduate students of the Department of Architecture Universitas Indonesia, Architectural History and Theory Program.

A theoretical analysis of the main topic kickstarted the workshop. The participants then synthesized their research by proposing a title for the exhibition: “Kinclong” (in Indonesian means sparkle). This workshop and exhibition reckons the idea of “dirt” and “clean” in material culture as a matter of order in design that receive its definition from social, cultural, and political conditions. These concepts also affect the standard of “hygiene” and build an image of modernity in architectural design. The curation context is limited to the domestic setting, where people have the most control over the spatial order around them. From there, each participant was allowed to develop a topic from their perspective within the corridor of architectural history.

The thematic setting falls into eight parts: (1) “Avoiding Anomaly,” (2) “Chronicles of Clean,” (3) “The Spoken Cleanliness,” (4) “The Written Cleanliness,” (5) “Peculiar Privy,” (6) “Heart of Home,” (7) “Colors of a White Wall,” (8) “Paradox of Modern Homes.” This setting shows how societies perceive “clean” design under social, political, cultural, and economic forces and reflect them through spatial organization or
reorganization, surface treatment, and color preference. These narratives lead to the question on how contemporary architecture perceives and manifests “clean” design. Besides an exhibition, the workshop content was disseminated in an online talk show and made into a book published by the Department of Architecture Universitas Indonesia.

Conclusion

“Kinclong” is an exhibition that explores the idea of “dirt” and “clean” in the domestic setting from various times
and places. This exhibition is a part of an architectural history workshop, discussing material culture from
historical perspective. The exhibition falls into eight parts: (1) “Avoiding Anomaly” discusses the concept of dirt
as a disorder in human life, which is addressed differently by various cultures in society, including modern
architecture. (2) “Chronicles of Clean” presents the habit of bathing and cleaning oneself, an ancient practice
that appears in various human civilizations in different parts of the world. (3) “The Spoken Cleanliness” shows
how the concept of cleanliness manifests in traditional society through oral culture, particularly in Suroba village
in Papua and the Raténggaro village in NTT. (4) “The Written Cleanliness” shows how the concept of cleanliness
was born from standards in society, socio-political conditions, culture, and beliefs in communities with written
culture, namely British, Australian, and Indian in the 19 -20 century. (5) “Peculiar Privy” discusses the
development of bathroom design since the industrial revolution, representing the modern movement and
differentiating classes in society. (6) “Heart of Home” discusses the development of kitchen design, which
throughout its evolution demonstrates different perceptions and knowledge about hygiene, efficiency, safety,
and comfort, as an effort to ease women’s workload in domestic spaces. (7) “Colors of a White Wall” questions
architects’ obsession with white and the rhetoric behind it, as well as what architects consider a “stain” and
how they treat it. (8) “Paradox of Modern Homes” criticizes the paradox of modern architecture, which tends to
clean up and eliminate everyday aspects in its representation, in contrast to early modernism.

The various sub-themes indicates that the concept of “dirt” and “clean” is a work in progress, and their evolution
is evident in the way society order space. Therefore, the narrative of this exhibition poses an open ending in
the hope that it will trigger further questions and critical discussion.

Objectives Aims or Purposes

1. To create a workshop program that explores architectural design and history research and
offers an experience in curation.
2. To expand the discourse of design and material culture in architecture from a historical
perspective.
3. To present the results of architectural history research to the public through popular media and
increase design knowledge, both critical and creative aspects.

Process or Methods

1.Theoretical study of three main readings, namely Victor Buchli’s An Anthropology of
Architecture (2014), Mary Douglas’ Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution
and Taboo (1966), and Adrian Forty’s Objects of Desire: Design and Society Since 1750
(1986), as well as several other readings.
2. Selection of themes based on reading synthesis, historical design precedents and common
interest of the participants.
3. Topic development by individuals, including strengthening theoretical ground, collecting
archives, analyzing historiography, and building frameworks.
4) Narrative creation by individuals based on the analysis and evidence, and framing the curated
archives according to the narrative.
5) Critics from external reviewers and the main director.
6) Refinement of curated archives and narrative.
7) Preparation of a conceptual plan for the exhibition website.

Techniques and materials

“Kinclong” is an archival ‘CLEAN DESIGN’ exhibition offering various perspectives of “dirt” and “clean”
concepts in material culture and architecture. The exhibition is the result of one-month online workshop
on architectural history, consisting of a one-month length online exhibition, a talkshow, and a publication.

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Proposing A New Healthy Historic Urban Landscape in Pekojan

Prof.Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan ,
Siti Arfah Annisa / Indonesia

Introduction

Pekojan is one of the historic areas in the city of Jakarta with an enermous historical narratives and traditions
that could be assets to become heritage tourism destination. Even though Pekojan is better known as Arab
Village, more than that historically this area has shown a mixture of Arab, Chinese, and Indigenous cultures
in a cosmopolitan environment. Massive and irregular planning becomes challenge for Pekojan development today. However, with proper strategy, Pekojan has potentials to be developed as heritage tourism destination for wider communities. This proposal is intended as guide for conservation,development, and design of Pekojan in the context for development of tourism and culture in Jakarta based on historical aspects. This project is collaboration between the author as main supervisor and eight master students of Architectural History and Theory Workshop, Department of Architecture, University of Indonesia in collaboration with Regional Research Council of DKI Jakarta. The process is carried out in several steps
starting from analysis of Pekojan through archive studies, observations, and interviews, analysis of
challenges and opportunities, formulating vision and principles for development, and proposing recommendations for development and design. The whole process is carried out by involving various stakeholders such as local governments, community members, non -government organizations, and is supported by the initiators of “HUL Quick Scan Method” from University of Indonesia, Bogor Agricultural University, Trisakti University, RCE Netherlands, and Heritage Hands-on. This workshop resulted in several
development and design programs recommended for Pekojan, including making heritage as catalysts for
development, creating sustainable urban kampung, regaining the use of Krukut Canal, providing the area
with better accessibility, and initiating community-based tourism activities. The results of study led us to
propose a new healthy historic urban landscape in Pekojan. In terms of conservation, it is proposed to
implement adaptive reuse for heritage buildings as visitor center to support tourism in Pekojan. Meanwhile, in terms of developing the urban landscape, it is recommended to rejuvenate the area along Krukut Canal
as main attraction and face of Pekojan, reforest the area, regulate waste management, and improve infrastructures to encourage tourism in a clean and healthy environment of Pekojan.

Conclusion

In this five-week workshop, the author as main supervisor for eight students carried out each of five steps one
by one every week by involving and getting review from the other initiators of HUL Quick Scan and the stakeholders involved. As the final result, this proposal recommended Pekojan as a historic tourism destination with healthy and sustainable concept by integrating Pekojan narrative into daily life experience that can be felt by wider community and creating a strong identity for Pekojan. We proposed Jalan Pekojan Raya as a shopping street for tourists with car-free-based concept to promote Pekojan culinary and specialties. One of the heritage buildings located on this street, namely Langgar Tinggi Mosque, can be used as visitor center by using the space on its first floor area. This position of visitor center which is located between Jalan Pekojan Raya and Krukut Canal can be integrated with the concept of rejuvenating the river area as a new face for Pekojan to create public spaces as attraction for tourists. To support sustainable tourism, it is also proposed reforestation in areas along the canal and alleys in Pekojan to make them healthier, more beautiful and attractive. Responding to cleanliness issue of the canal, the waste management must be integrated by creating waste banks and recycle system. Another interesting thing is the effort to create historical atmoshphere by redesigning the empty walls of abandoned buildings in Pekojan with murals or paintings as memorial for local elders or historical heroes in Pekojan. In addition, improvement of local infrastructure such as sidewalkarrangement, placement of street furnitures, and parking management on narrow streets in Pekojan also needs to be considered to create a comfortable and enjoyable historical tourism experience.

Objectives Aims or Purposes

1. 1. To create development and design programs in response to the existing challenges and potentials of
   Pekojan.
   2. To design spaces that have potential and suitable to boost Pekojan as an attractive heritage tourism
   destination.
   3. To offer alternative strategies to the stakeholders in creating Pekojan as a clean, healthy, and sustainable
   historical tourism area.

Process or Methods

1. 1. Analyse the historic urban landsacpe, by investigating the narrative, layout, and typology of Pekojan through archive studies, observations, and interviews.
   2. Define challenges and opportunities of development in Pekojan.
   3. Formulate vision as the main goal for development and design.
   4. Elaborate principles as guide for development and design proposal.
   5. Recommending the proposal for conservation, development, and design of Pekojan.

Techniques and materials

This proposal generally proposes implementation of adaptive reuse to heritage buildings in Pekojan to serve
as visitor center for tourism activities, rejuvenating the river area as a clean and attractive space to encourage
public activities and increase popularity of Pekojan, reforestation along side of rivers and alleys in Pekojan,
tidying up the waste management system, improving regional infrastructure for tourism as well as equipping
the streets with informative signage and furnitures to make tourists’ experience more comfortable and enjoyable. This proposal can be applied throughout all Pekojan area. However, area in the southern Pekojan could be intended to be one of the main tourism spots in Pekojan by using Langgar Tinggi Mosque as visitor center, creating Jalan Pekojan Raya as shopping street to sell Pekojan’s specialties and culinary with car-freebased concept in a certain time, and revitalizing Krukut Canal as a new face and healthy public space in Pekojan

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Multimodal Representations for the Preservation and Adaptive Reuse of Australasian Built Cultural Heritage Projects

Dr.Julie Nichols

Introduction

The attached work which has combination of contributors from UniSA students in the Burra VERNADOC manual drawing component to doctoral students in the design of the augmented reality projects. This work is multi-dimensional in its capture, drawing, interpretation and re-presentation of cultural heritage. It is intended that this focus on ‘heritage at risk’ in Burra South Australia an historic mining time, currently applying for World Heritage Listing as well as Pedawa Village Bali, Indonesia captures a snapshot at a moment in time of these vernacular buildings. Each with quite different histories, however countries both subjected to colonization and the impacts of colonial powers on the indigenous populations. This heritage is represented in different forms of media to highlight alternative ways of seeing the built fabric layered with narratives of bloodshed, settlement opportunities and economic boom periods of mining and prosperity. The other story is the destruction of this fabric due to an economic argument around preservation costs imposed on potentially impoverished communities. These vernacular architectures are often un-documented and undervalued in the socio-cultural contribution to the societies that occupy them. Alternatively in the case of Burra the vocations which have abandoned them. During these exploratory studies ranging from hand drawing and intensive on-site cultural immersion to digital technologies and fast track capture of different aspects of these sites, and communities, the combination of representations tell different stories. It celebrates forms of building and the creation of built environments for adaptive reuse possibilities. It is an opportunity to re-create new possibilities for these built heritage contexts and this is how the thematic of clean design has been employed here. It is an opportune moment to re-think- reconceptualize heritage places as new potential and insight into contemporary ways of living.

Conclusion

As adaptive reuse is a crucial aspect of architectural design moving into the future during a period of climate emergency, these tools present the possibilities for future end-users of the space. They demonstrate and re-present heritage buildings through contemporary technologies whilst also illuminate the value of manual drawing techniques and details. This work is multi-modal to appeal to different viewing audiences and occupants. It also has potential for the exhibition and curation of built cultural heritage narratives for our cultural institutions. It offers different ways of curating and documenting heritage often perceived as part of the past, rather than a new, exciting and ‘clean’ canvas internally for projects to adapt and bring these cultural heritage buildings into the 21st century.

Objectives Aims or Purposes

1.To investigate ways of re-presenting built cultural heritage for adaptive re-use possibilities
2 To demonstrate manual to digital representations to reconceptualize heritage advocating for a clean and new beginning

Process or Methods

1. Manual drawing and onsite cultural immersion of First Nations people. students and staff – an architectural anthropology – VERNADOC
2. Laser scanning the site for multilevel buildings
3. Employing augmented reality (AR) applications for demonstrating new design possibilities overlaid over manual VERNADOC drawings
4. Mixing media of AR and Hololens technologies to used mixed reality to depict activity and potential new and past uses of space

Techniques and materials

The creative techniques are employed in each stage highlighted in the methods section:

1. ‘reading’ the environment, the activities and the construction means drawing the details using manual methods. It is a collaborative exercise and opportunity to exchange ideas on site between participants in how to draw or show the relevant observations of the building and its occupants.
2. Laser scanning also involves situating the devices in a way to suitably capture the extents of the environment plus the building. These details are to scale and represented using different colour coding to display cold and hot aspects of the structure.
3. Augmented reality overlays offer new beginnings to villagers in Bali. They are able to visualize ‘over’ the familiar spaces drawn in VERNADOC, new design potentials and
4. 3D understandings of how those spaces might feel. This is possible through an application designed for a smart phone. 4. The innovation in this mixed reality display is that the actions within the space can be visualized although they are not physically occurring in the space. It is again a creative imposition of objects and their functions in the heritage context and provide a clean slate for an adaptive reuse design opportunity.

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